- Paeophyta
- Paramecium
- Parasites
- Parkman, Paul Douglas (1932- )
- Pasteur, Louis (1822-1895)
- Pasteurella
- Pasteurization
- Penicillin
- Penninger, Josef Martin (1964- )
- Peptidoglycan
- Periplasm
- Pertussis
- Petri, Richard Julius (1852-1921)
- Petroleum Microbiology
- Pfeiffer, Richard Friedrich Johannes (1858-1945)
- pH
- Phage Genetics
- Phage Therapy
- Phagocyte and Phagocytosis
- Phenotype and Phenotypic Variation
- Phospholipids
- Photosynthesis
- Photosynthetic Microorganisms
- Phylogeny
- Pipette
- Pittman, Margaret (1901-1995)
- Plankton and Planktonic Bacteria
- Plant Viruses
- Plaque
- Plasmids
